Definition på Hip Hop : (n) In Jamaican ska era, 60's, a DJ would spin and cut the wax and a MC would sing or shout or dub poetry over it. That's the roots of hiphop which were brought to New York City by Kool DJ Herc, but hip-hop or rap was created in New York City (fra: http://www.rapdict.org/terms/h)
Hovsa... Dette er, hvad der står: genre: Rock (metastyle) Evolving out of jump blues in the late '40s, R&B laid the groundwork for rock & roll. R&B kept the tempo and the drive of jump blues, but its instrumentation was sparer and the emphasis was on the song, not improvisation. It was blues chord changes played with an insistent backbeat. During the '50s, R&B was dominated by vocalists like Ray Charles and Ruth Brown, as well as vocal groups like the Drifters and the Coasters. Eventually, R&B metamorphosed into soul, which was funkier and looser than the pile-driving rhythms of R&B. Soul came to describe a number of R&B-based music styles. From the bouncy, catchy acts at Motown to the horn-driven, gritty soul of Stax/Volt, there was an immense amount of diversity within soul. During the first part of the '60s, soul music remained close to its R&B roots. However, musicians pushed the music in different directions; usually, different regions of America produced different kinds of soul. In urban centers like New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago, the music concentrated on vocal interplay and smooth productions. In Detroit, Motown concentrated on creating a pop-oriented sound that was informed equally by gospel, R&B, and rock & roll. In the South, the music became harder and tougher, relying on syncopated rhythms, raw vocals, and blaring horns. All of these styles formed soul, which ruled the black music charts throughout the '60s and also frequently crossed over into the pop charts. At the end of the '60s, soul began to splinter apart, as artists like James Brown and Sly Stone developed funk, and other artists developed slicker forms of soul. Although soul music evolved, it never went away — not only did the music inform all of the R&B of the '70s, '80s, and '90s, there were always pockets of musicians around the world that kept performing traditional soul.
Hip Hop bliver samme sted definiret således: Hip-Hop/Urban genre: Rap (metastyle) Hip-Hop and Urban music emerged in the late '70s, and their histories have often been intertwined. Urban Soul grew out of the smooth stylings of Philly Soul and the slick dance of disco. Urban owed as much (if not more) to mainstream pop as it did to classic soul, and with its layers of synthesizers, slick production and reliance on ballads, Urban Soul rarely sounded like soul. It did sound like pop, which is one of the reasons why it became the dominant African-American music genre in the '80s. Some musicians, such as Michael Jackson and Prince, enlivened the genre by turning conventions on their ear, but most Urban artists simply followed the conventions, both for better (Luther Vandross) or for worse. By the end of the decade, Urban had tentatively incorporated Hip-Hop innovations. Hip-Hop is the catch-all term for rap and the culture it spawned. Initially, rap was quite simple, with vocalists rapping over scratched records and drum beats, but as it progressed it became more complex. Hardcore rappers, such as Run-D.M.C. and Boogie Down Productions, kept the beats minimal and emphasized the lyrics, while occasionally adding hard-rock guitars. They paved the way for Public Enemy, whose edgy, political rhymes and dense, sample-heavy beats were the trailblazing sound of the late '80s and early '90s. By that time, Urban had assimilated Hip-Hop in the form of New Jack Swing — Urban soul that had rap rhythms. Furthermore, such rappers as MC Hammer, Young MC and Vanilla Ice smoothed over Hip-Hop's rougher edges to make the first successful pop-rap singles. Some rap groups, such as N.W.A., responded with gangsta rap. N.W.A. adopted PE's sound but concentrated on cartoonish tales of violence, crime and sex, but as the group splintered, with Ice Cube, Eazy-E and Dr. Dre taking solo careers, gangsta rap took an interesting spin. Under the direction of Dre, gangsta embraced the rolling beats and heavy bass of Funkadelic. Sonically, this was considerably less confrontational than Public Enemy's blueprint, and soon this sound crossed over into Urban in the form of such vocalists as Mary J. Blige. Within a few years, post-gangsta rappers like Puff Daddy had blurred the lines between Hip-Hop and Urban soul so well, that the two were impossible to distinguish
Når man snakker om R&B, så opererer man med to termer, trods det at de begge har den samme bogstavsforkortelse. Jeg plejer at kalde de to termer for Rhythm & Blues, og Contemporary R&B. Den definition på R&B, som skab er kommet med, er definitionen på datidens R&B, som i høj grad lagde vægt på den instrumentale udfoldelse. Nutidens R&B vægter noget helt andet...
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